ABSTRACT
The rapid development of the mining and industry activities increased and many toxic metals in the environment of the earth's crust has been dissipated and has taken risks to human exposure, inhalation. Today evidence of many diseases associated with environmental factors harmful to repellent Bio systems is increasing gradually, The majority of these factors were man-made and the activities associated with heavy metals was a major threat for human health. Mercury has the most toxic non-radioactive element that was already known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mercuric chloride intra peritoneally on blood albumin and some liver enzymes. In this study, 30 male Wistar rats randomized selected into 6 groups [1 control group, and experimental groups of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. In control group adequate serum physiology, and in experimental groups a dose of mercuric chloride infused into peritoneal cavity for 7 days. The amount of mercuric chloride infused were 1 mg/kg in 1[st] group, 2 mg/kg in group 2, 5 mg/kg in group 3, 7 mg/kg in group 4, and 10 mg/kg in the fifth group every other day for 7 days. After the 7 days blood samples, were tested and analyzed. In this study, there was a significant relation between decrease in albumin levels in experimental groups compared to the control group and a there was significant relation increase in the amount of transaminases; SGOT and SGPT in the experimental group. This study showed that intra peritoneal injection of mercuric chloride causes the balance were increased, of liver enzymes and serum albumin levels
ABSTRACT
To plan an educational program to prevent HIV/AIDS among university students based on Health Belief Model [HBM]. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran University in academic year of 2004-2005. The instrument used was a questionnaire including demographic information, knowledge questions, health belief model constructs [perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits and barriers] and attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients, high risk behaviors questionnaire and intention to take HIV test. The participants were selected through stratified and systematic methods. Data were analyzed performing Chi-square test, Pearson correlation and one was ANOVA. In all 664 students participated in the study. The mean age was 18.74 +/- 8/1. according to self report,%4.1 were smoker,%2.9 used substance drugs,%1.5 suffered from sexual transmitted disease and HIV/AIDS.%26.4 believed that their knowledge is insufficient.%71.1 believed in having low risk of being infected. Almost all of the participants were highly aware of HIV/AIDS. The results also indicated that there was a significant relationship between the participants' knowledge and their perceived severity and susceptibility and benefits in term of willing to take the test. Lack of HIV voluntary counseling and testing center and feat of the test results were the main barriers of HIV test. The findings suggest that we need to educate and raise the people consciousness about the perceived benefits of HIV test, the way of giving the test results, and the contact details and services for voluntary counseling and testing centers